Biological Sequence Search

Performing a biological structure search for patent purposes involves several steps: • Identifying the biological structure of interest, such as a protein sequence, DNA sequence, or three-dimensional structure. • Choose databases containing biological structure information, like GenBank, UniProt, or the Protein Data Bank (PDB), depending on your specific needs. • Utilize the search tools provided by selected databases, such as BLAST for sequence similarity searches or keyword search interfaces. • Narrow down search results by specifying parameters like organism, molecule type, functional domains, or other relevant criteria. • Review retrieved information, paying attention to patents or patent applications mentioning or related to the biological structure. • Assess patents based on factors like claim scope, filing dates, and prior art references to determine their relevance to your intellectual property goals.

Biological structures subject to intellectual property rights include genetic sequences, protein sequences, three-dimensional structures, cell lines, biological processes, microorganisms, and biological materials such as plants and animal breeds.

To challenge a patent on a biological structure: • Conduct a prior art search. • Assess validity based on criteria like novelty and non-obviousness. • Consider administrative proceedings or litigation. • Present expert testimony and legal arguments. • Pursue appeals if necessary.

The challenges of patenting biological structures include complexity, establishing novelty and non-obviousness, ensuring utility and enablement, ethical considerations, regulatory hurdles, and complexities in determining infringement.